# Baseline Benchmarks (pre-improvements)

## Latency (single-threaded)
| Benchmark | Time |
|-----------|------|
| spawn | 1.28 µs |
| message_roundtrip | 2.24 µs |
| send_fire_and_forget | 1.50 µs |
| inbox_creation | 1.63 µs |

## Throughput (single-threaded)
| Benchmark | Time | Throughput |
|-----------|------|-----------|
| single_actor/100 | 15.0 µs | 6.65 Melem/s |
| single_actor/1000 | 57.5 µs | 17.4 Melem/s |
| single_actor/10000 | 474.6 µs | 21.1 Melem/s |
| multi_actor/10x100 | 80.6 µs | 12.4 Melem/s |
| multi_actor/100x100 | 610.6 µs | 16.4 Melem/s |
| multi_actor/100x1000 | 6.10 ms | 16.4 Melem/s |
| ring/10 | 6.3 µs | 1.75 Melem/s |
| ring/100 | 99.9 µs | 1.01 Melem/s |
| ring/500 | 919.0 µs | 545 Kelem/s |
| spawn/100 | 33.5 µs | 2.99 Melem/s |
| spawn/1000 | 326.2 µs | 3.07 Melem/s |
| spawn/5000 | 1.69 ms | 2.96 Melem/s |

## Key Observations
- Single-actor throughput scales well: 6.65M → 21.1M msgs/s as batch size grows (amortized overhead)
- Multi-actor throughput lower due to iteration overhead across actors
- Ring throughput degrades with ring size (expected: each message traverses more actors)
- Spawn throughput steady at ~3M/s regardless of batch size
- Message roundtrip latency: 2.24µs (spawn + deliver + process + reply + deliver)